Nuclear

• Member of Lloyds Register MarNuc Consortium with responsibility for inputs concerning legal and regulatory issues impacting maritime nuclear propulsion in the civil context including advice concerning Paris Convention, Vienna Convention, Brussels Supplementary Convention, Nuclear Installation Act, SOLAS, UNCLOS and IMO Code for Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships and Bilateral Agreements concerning visit by Nuclear Ships.
• Advised Sizewell C Fundco Decommissioning Fund arrangements including decommissioning obligations, directors’ duties, reporting obligations and fund management issues.
• Advised EdF Energy Nuclear Generation Ltd (Hartlepool Development) in respect of disposal of land for the development of an AMR plant adjacent to Hartlepool Power Station including advising on complex site issues involving critical infrastructure which is key to ongoing operations and grid connection arrangements and other preliminary works necessary for the AMR works.
• Advised ONR (UK nuclear regulator) in respect of various vires issues including review of funding models and supporting legislation, advice on “Managing Public Money Guidance” and review of comparator regulators (UK and overseas).
• Advised German client in respect of sodium treatment and return obligations pursuant to contractual arrangements with NDA, including review and advice on arrangements and potential amendments to the same.
• Advised the commercial lenders and ECAs with respect to the development and financing of a new build nuclear plant in Finland. Advice provided on International Nuclear Treaties, EU regulation, Nuclear Fuel Supply Agreement, Power Offtake Agreement, Shareholder arrangements, sponsor support issues, grid connection and other commercial agreements.
• Advised lenders with respect to sale of British Energy’s nuclear assets in the UK with a particular focus on nuclear regulation and key commercial agreements.

Energy Transition

• Advised Enviroo in respect of PPA and private wire arrangements for the supply of power to its recycled plastics plant in the UK.
• Advised Hartree Trading with the drafting and negotiation of a Route to Market PPA and REGO arrangements for UK renewables project.
• Advised Sunfire GmbH with respect to the drafting Supply Agreement and Services Agreement for the supply of electrolysers to a green hydrogen project in Germany.
• Advised Sunfire GmbH with respect supply of electrolyser equipment to green hydrogen project in Finland. Advice included drafting and negotiation of Direct Agreement and Preferred Supplier Agreement.
• Advised North London Waste Authority energy from waste project in respect of generation licence and supply licence requirements and licence exemption applications.
• Advised Sunfire GmbH in respect of its electrolyser framework supply arrangements for use in the power to e-fuels projects to be developed together with Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners.
• Advised P2X with respect to the development and operation of a renewable power to e-fuels plant to be developed and constructed in Portugal including advice with respect to project structuring issues, Portuguese energy regulatory matters and various commercial agreements.
• Advised Cummins with respect to its electrolyser supply arrangements (including intellectual property rights arrangements) for a green Ammonia project to be constructed in Oman.
• Advised Cummins with respect to its bid for the supply of electrolysers to be used in multiple green hydrogen projects to be constructed in Germany by RWE.
• Advised Cummins on the supply of electrolysers to a hydrogen project being constructed in Austria.
• Advised Goodyear with respect to its global PPA strategy and implementation thereof.
• Advised Lear with respect to its European PPA strategy and implementation thereof.

Renewables - Solar

• Advised Zenexa Renewables on the acquisition and development of a UK solar portfolio, including advising on project structure and bankability issues, grid connection arrangements (including Gate 2 categorisation), power purchase agreements and CfD obligations.
• Advised QatarEnergy on the development and implementation of a rooftop solar business in Qatar, including drafting of model form of PPA.
• Advised the Government of Uzbekistan on the initial development of the ADB solar programme including advice with respect to expression of interest documentation, use of new PPP law and analysis of IFC scaling solar PPA.
• Advised the Saudi Power Procurement Company on the procurement of and project documentation for the Sudair Solar PV IPP.
• Represented the mandated lead arrangers on the US $612 million financing of the Shams 1 solar power project at Madinat Zayed, United Arab Emirates.
• Represented the sponsor group on the development and financing of a 50MW solar plant in Egypt.
• Represented the lenders in connection with two wind and two solar energy projects totalling 315 MW in South Africa as part of that country’s renewable power programme (Round 1).
• Represented the lender on £77 million financing facility used to acquire and further develop 60 MW of solar PV plants in the UK.

Wind

• Advised JERA with respect to its investment in a floating offshore wind development project in France, including advice concerning the joint venture and shareholder arrangements, constitutional documents and French foreign investment law issues and filing procedures and subsequent due diligence on floating offshore wind option (part of the Scotwind programme) for potential absorption into the joint venture platform.
• Represented a consortium of senior lenders in €460 million funding for the €655 million construction and operation by Nobelwind of a 165 megawatt offshore wind farm located off the Belgian coast.
• Represented lenders in the €450 million financing of the development and operation of the second and third phases of a 325 MW offshore wind farm developed by C-Power N.V. in the North Sea.
• Represented the lenders in connection with the €890 million financing of an offshore wind project developed by Northwind Offshore Energy in the North Sea.
• Represented the lenders in connection with a €300 million facility provided to finance the first phase (165MW) of the Belwind N.V. wind farm.
• Represented  Neoen (developer and borrower) in respect of the development and financing of an 81MW wind farm Finland, the first of Neoen’s assets in Finland.
• Represented the developer in the development and financing of the Crucea North 108 MW wind farm project in Romania.

Hydro

• Advised Engie affiliate with respect to operation & maintenance contract issues applicable in context of major outage for 2 pumped hydro generating plant in the United Kingdom.
• Advised Enerjisa Enerji A.Ş with respect to the portfolio financing of a number of renewable, hydro and coal fired assets located in Turkey, including drafting and negotiation of a trading strategy.
• Represented the Government of Uganda in the negotiation and implementation of power purchase agreements for the 255 MW Bujagali hydroelectric project on the Nile River in Uganda.
• Represented EAIF as the lead financial arranger in connection with the development, construction and financing of the 13 MW Bugoye Hydro Power Plant in Uganda.

Geothermal

• Represented African Development Bank in connection with the Menega geothermal power project in Kenya.

Biomass

• Advised North London Waste Authority energy from waste project in respect of generation licence and supply licence requirements and licence exemption applications.
• Represented a large European energy company on the acquisition and financing of the biomass conversion of the Lynemouth power plant.
• Advised Scottish Power on the biomass/ waste supply arrangements and Renewable Obligation Certificate credit arrangements for a co-fired power plant in Scotland.

Batteries/Storage/ Metering/EV Charging Infrastructure

• Advised EdF with respect to outsourcing arrangements concerning smart meter asset provider services, meter asset rental agreement and meter equipment manufacturing services and providing advice with respect to metering regulations in the UK including GSOP4 requirements.
• Advised Envirotech ES with respect to the proposed development of a 198.7MW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) project in West Sussex and potential IPO.
• Advised VW with respect to legal and regulatory arrangements for the roll out of its UK electric vehicle charging infrastructure, including advice with respect to joint venture arrangements with Centrica.
• Advised Energy UK (representative body of UK electricity industry) with respect to the industry testing arrangements to ensure interoperability and interchangeability of smart meters in the UK.
• Worked with the Global Battery Alliance (part of the World Economic Forum) to undertake an analysis and publication of a paper concerning global waste regulation and potential impact on the re-use, repurposing and recyclcing of batteries.

Regulatory

• Member of Lloyds Register MarNuc Consortium with responsibility for inputs concerning legal and regulatory issues impacting maritime nuclear propulsion in the civil context including advice concerning Paris Convention, Vienna Convention, Brussels Supplementary Convention, Nuclear Installation Act, SOLAS, UNCLOS and IMO Code for Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships and Bilateral Agreements concerning visit by Nuclear Ships.
• Advised ONR (UK nuclear regulator) in respect of various vires issues including review of funding models and supporting legislation, advice on “Managing Public Money Guidance” and review of comparator regulators (UK and overseas).
• Advised major Middle East oil and gas company with respect to regulatory issues impacting the proposed expansion of its business into the downstream gas market in UK and Europe.
• Advised Green Network Energy Limited with respect to the revocation of its electricity supply licence, the “Supplier of Last Resort (SoLR)” process. Advised Green Network UK plc in respect of the administration of Green Network Energy Limited’s electricity supply business, including advising on interactions and discussions with Ofgem, electricity trading and supply arrangements and ROCs and other renewable obligation arrangements. At the time this was the largest SoLR process that Ofgem had undertaken in the UK.
• Advised the project company in connection with Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the €9bn Nord Stream gas pipeline project connecting the Russian and European gas grids through the Baltic.
• Advice provided with respect to the EU Third Energy Package, local regulatory, licensing and permitting issues, gas transportation arrangements, third part access requirements and crossing agreements. The project included financing from commercial banks Euler Hermes, UKF and SACE and later a bond financing. This deal was awarded European Gas Deal of the Year by Project Finance Magazine.
• Acted for the Commonwealth Secretariat in the development and updating of the Energy Module of the Law and Climate Change Toolkit developed through a partnership between UN Climate Change Secretariat, UN Environment Programme and Commonwealth Secretariat. The toolkit was launched at COP 26.
• Advised the lenders on the proposed US $multi billion Nabucco pipeline which pipeline was to link Turkey and Austria via Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary including providing advice with respect to capacity agreements, gas shipping arrangements, host government and intergovernment agreements, third party access rights and capacity auction arrangements. The pipeline was ultimately aborted.
• Advised International Power plc with respect to its energy trading arrangements including advice with respect to master trading agreements for power, gas and emissions, credit support arrangements, trading services and route to market agreements and middle and back office functions.
• Advised U.S. methanol/ e petrol supplier with respect to the RTFO regulatory regime and accreditation requirements in the UK.

Gas-Fired Generation

• Advised DP World in respect of amendments to gas concession arrangements for supply of gas and gas infrastructure to development of the Dubai Marina complex.
• Advised Engie/ Jubail O&M company in respect of Marafiq project and obligation to source replacement parts from OEM entity, included review of various contracts, corporate structure and providing advice as to potential next steps.
• Advised British Land in relation to the ownership, operation and maintenance and Bulk Heat Supply arrangements concerning a combined heat and power energy centre, forming part of a mixed commercial and residential use development in London.
• Advised Karadeniz in relation to the development and financing of a LNG – to – power project in South Africa, as part of the Emergency Power Procurement Program, including advising on the FSRU Charter, LNG Sale & Purchase Agreement, Terminal Use Agreement, Gas Supply Agreement, Power Purchase Agreement and Implementation Agreement.
• Advised Investec and the lender group in relation to a £192 million refinancing of the Saltend, Indian Queens and Deeside power plants, owned by Triton Power Limited. The Saltend power plant forms part of the Zero Carbon Humber industrial cluster, which aims to deliver low carbon hydrogen production facilities and CCUS, and the plant is intended to switch from natural gas to low carbon hydrogen.
• Advised Investec, Qatar National Bank and Natwest in relation to the £140 million refinancing of the Saltend Power Plant.
• Advised Investec in relation to the £60M financing of the Indian Queens Power Plant in Cornwall and the Deeside Power Plant in Wales, owned by Triton Power Ltd.
• Advised the Government of Uzbekistan on the development of a new build 1500 CCGT plant to be constructed in Syrdarya region Uzbekistan, including drafting and negotiation of the PPA, Implementation Agreement, grid connection arrangements, water supply arrangements and land arrangements.
• Advised the Government of Uzbekistan on the development and operation of an existing gas fire plant to be dismantled in country of origin and constructed and commissioned in Bukhara region, Uzbekistan, including drafting and negotiation of the PPA, Implementation Agreement, grid connection arrangements, water supply arrangements and land arrangements.
• Advised the Government of Uzbekistan on the early phase development of a new build 900 MW gas fired power plant in Talimarjan, Uzbekistan.
• Advised Beal Bank and Jefferies in connection with the Term Loan B (the first financing of its kind in Europe) for the refinancing of three CCGTs in the UK including advising on the UK Capacity Market arrangements, grid connection and energy management services arrangements.
• Advised Hartree Trading with negotiation and drafting of Framework Agreement and Gas Supply Arrangements to a UK peaking power plant.
• Represented a large European energy company on the the £318 million acquisition of two CCGT power plants in the UK.
• Advised InterGen with respect to the tolling arrangements of the Rijnmond gas fired power plant in the Netherlands.
• Represented the lenders, including commercial banks and export credit agencies, in connection with the US$2.1 billion financing of the Riyadh PP11 greenfield, 1730 MW gas-fired power plant in Saudi Arabia (including financing by way of commercial loans, Islamic financing instruments and export credit from US Ex-Im Bank). This deal was awarded the Middle East Power Deal of the Year by Project Finance Magazine.
• Represented the commercial lenders and export credit agencies in connection with the US$2.5 billion 1200MW Rabigh IPP gas fired power plant in Saudi Arabia.
• Represented the Government of Ghana in renegotiation of and converting its take or pay power purchase agreement to take and pay arrangements and other wider, sustainable energy sector reform measures.
• Acted for Basalt infrastructure fund on its acquisition of one of the largest cogeneration power providers in France and which owned and operated 32 natural gas-fired generation facilities in France.
• Represented IFC, Commonwealth Development Corporation, Société Générale, African Development Bank, DEG and FMO in connection with the project financing of the Azito gas-fired power project and related transmission lines in the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire.
• Represented main sponsor in a proposed Nigerian independent power project, including advising on all project-related documents including a GACN standard gas sale agreement, NBET power purchase agreement, NGC gas transaction arrangement and project financing.
• Represented CIPREL on the financing of both sub-phases of the fourth phase expansion of Tranche A and Tranche B of its gas-fired power plant in Côte d’Ivoire.
• Represented the lenders in connection with the financing of the 85 MW thermal power plant (Dibamba) in Cameroon.
• Represented the lenders in connection with the financing of the 216 MW thermal power plant (Kribi) in Cameroon.

Interconnectors & Cross Border Pipelines

• Advised the project company in connection with Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the €9bn Nord Stream gas pipeline project connecting the Russian and European gas grids through the Baltic Sea. Advice provided with respect to the EU Third Energy Package, local regulatory, licensing and permitting issues, gas transportation arrangements, third part access requirements and crossing agreements. The project included financing from commercial banks Euler Hermes, UKF and SACE and later a bond financing. This deal was awarded European Gas Deal of the Year by Project Finance Magazine.
• Advised the lenders on the proposed US $multi billion Nabucco pipeline which pipeline was to link Turkey and Austria via Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary including providing advice with respect to capacity agreements, gas shipping arrangements, host government and inter government agreements, third party access rights and capacity auction arrangements. The pipeline was ultimately aborted.
• Advised CNOOC on the proposed Ugandan/ Kenyan pipeline including advice concerning pipeline access and capacity rights and intergovernmental and host government arrangements.
• Advised the Eleclink Project company in connection with the 1000MW DC power interconnector between UK and France, including advising on EU energy regulatory issues, third party access, tariff regulation and licensing and consent requirements, EPC arrangements and capacity auction and sale arrangements.
• Advised IFC, PROPARCO and EAIF on the expansion financing of the EASSy (Eastern Africa Submarine Cable System) subsea fiber optic cable system in eastern Africa. The cable system has cable landing points in 9 different jurisdictions, namely South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Tanzania, Comoros, Kenya, Somalia, Djibouti and Sudan. Members of the team were involved in a due diligence exercise involving a review of landing rights, crossing agreements, usage arrangements and interconnection arrangements as well as drafting and negotiation of the financing documentation.
• Advised Landsvirkjun in connection with proposed landmark multi-billion dollar interconnector from Iceland to the UK including advice as to licensing and consent requirements, grid connection and UK capacity market arrangements.
• Advised Liberty on a sell-side warranty & indemnity insurance underwriter for the proposed sale of a 25% stake in Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission which owns and operates high-voltage electricity transmission networks in the north of Scotland. The seller was Scottish & Southern Energy Power Distribution Limited. Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission is regulated by Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM) and has a transmission licence authorising it to transmit electricity.

Coal & Oil

• Advised the Jordanian National Electricity and Power Company (NEPCO) on its bankability review and commercial analysis of the power offtake and other project arrangements for an oil shale fired power plant located in Jordan.
• Advised EPH with respect to its acquisition of the 2GW Eggborough coal-fired power station in North Yorkshire from a consortium led by Strategic Value Partners.
• Represented the lenders in connection with the development and financing of Thabametsi, a 630 MW coal fired power plant in South Africa.
• Represented Ncondezi coal company on the development of a coal fired power plant and captive coal mine to be developed in Tete Province, Mozambique.
• Represented the project company and sponsor in connection with development of 2,640 MW Ayoun Moussa coal-fired power generation plant and associated facilities in the Arab Republic of Egypt.
• Advised the government procuring authority (DEWA) in respect of the 1200 MW Hassyan clean coal power project in Dubai including drafting and negotiating the power purchase agreement, government support agreement and shared facilities arrangements together with the RfP and bid process documents.
• Advised ESKOM in connection with a range of projects in the power sector in South Africa, including their flagship multisite baseload IPP programme, their congeneration programme and their medium term power programme.
• Advised Rugeley Power Limited (a coal fired power plant) with respect to the administration of TXU including advice as to claims arising from the termination of the tolling arrangements and establishing merchant operations and trading arrangements.